Ubuntu

Releases
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases

Daily (development release)
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/

Official Archive Mirrors for Ubuntu
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors
http://mirrors.ubuntu.com/

Docs
https://ubuntu.com/server/docs

Install Gnome Fallback (Classic)

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panticz/installit/master/install.gnome-fallback.sh -O - | bash -

Ubuntu Apps Directory Online
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/

Switch back to Gnome

sudo /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-set-defaults -s gnome-fallback

Remove old kernel

apt-get remove linux-headers-3.2.0-40 linux-headers-3.2.0-40-generic linux-image-3.2.0-40-generic

Install new kernel

sudo apt-get -y install linux-generic
apt-get install -y --reinstall linux-image-generic linux-firmware linux-headers-generic

Allow root SSH login

sed -i 's|PermitRootLogin without-password|PermitRootLogin yes|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
echo "root:t00r" | chpasswd
service ssh restart

Enable WIFI

sudo rmmod iwl3945
sudo rfkill unblock all
sudo modprobe iwl3945
sudo rfkill list all

Nautilus menu: create new blank file

mkdir -p ~/.config/nautilus/templates
~/.config/nautilus/templates/Empty
sed -i 's|XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="\$HOME/.*"|XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="\$HOME/.config/nautilus/templates"|g' ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

Links
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Lubuntu/AdvancedMethods#Pentium_M_and_Celeron_M - Advanced usage with old processors (without PAE support)
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Hardwaredatenbank - Hardware compatibility database
ubuntuusers.de - German Ubuntu portal
medibuntu.org - additional (non free) multimedia packages for Ubuntu
https://bugs.launchpad.net/~panticz.de - My profile
http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/things-to-tweak-fix-after-installing.html - Unity tweaks

Download
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/ - Ubuntu LiveCD Daily Build
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/jeos/releases/ - JeOS, Ubuntu optimised for virtualisation (Just Enough Operating System)

Fonts
User fonts: ~/.fonts/
System fonts: /usr/local/share/fonts/

# rebuild font cache (for user or system) after copy new font files
fc-cache

Upgrade to next version
https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Upgrade_Trusty_auf_Xenial/

Ubuntu
Testing
Daily Build
HowTo
Ubuntu CD customization - HowTo create your own Ubuntu CD
http://torrent.ubuntu.com:6969/ - Ubuntu torrents
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BootToRAM
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions - Boot options
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/aptitude
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Empathy

files
/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules - network interface config
/etc/lsb-release - release info

additional repository

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed restricted main multiverse universe
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu hardy partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu hardy partner

Automount
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Autostart

Packages
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Seahorse - GNOME Keyring

get release name

lsb_release -s -c

32 and 64 bit on same CD

label live64
  menu label Ubuntu 64 Bit
  kernel /casper/vmlinuz64
  append  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd64.lz iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu/ubuntu-12.04-dvd-amd64.iso quiet splash --
label live
  menu label Ubuntu 32 Bit
  kernel /casper/vmlinuz32
  append  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd32.lz iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu/ubuntu-12.04-dvd-i386.iso quiet splash -- 

Boot parameter

only-ubiquity - start Ubuntu installer only
live
single
toram - copy LiveCD to ram

Mozilla, view installed plugins
about:plugins

Wallpapers
http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/60-most-execellent-ubuntu-wallpapers/

fix print dialog delay in ubuntu (slow print box evince)
sed -i 's|Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock|#Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock|g' /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

fix indicator applet

apt-get remove indicator-applet
apt-get install indicator-messages
apt-get remove -y indicator-me 
apt-get remove -y indicator-messages

ToDo
indicator-applet-session

Ubuntu Remix
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-netbook-remix/daily-live/current/
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UNR
http://www.canonical.com/projects/ubuntu/unr

create default user

usermod -a -G adm ${USER}
usermod -a -G cdrom ${USER}
usermod -a -G sudo ${USER}
usermod -a -G dip ${USER}
usermod -a -G plugdev ${USER}
usermod -a -G lpadmin ${USER}
usermod -a -G sambashare ${USER}
chsh -s /bin/bash

Configure console / keyboard
sed -i 's|XKBLAYOUT="us"|XKBLAYOUT="de"|g' /etc/default/keyboard
dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

Old Releases (EOL)
http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/

# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EOLUpgrades
sudo sed -i 's|de.archive|old-releases|g' /etc/apt/sources.list
OR?
sudo sed -i 's|old-releases|archive|g' /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe

Gnome Nautilus Bookmarks

# create ssh bookmark
echo "sftp://root@www.example.com/ www.example.com" >> /home/${USER}/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks
 
# create bookmark for all users
for DIR in $(ls /home/); do
    echo "file:///media/foo foo" >> /home/${DIR}/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks
done

User directory definition
package: xdg-user-dirs
config: ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

Audio Equalizer
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panticz/installit/master/install.pulseaudio-equalizer.sh

# fix: "ping: icmp open socket: Operation not permitted"
sudo chmod u+s /bin/ping

Game
https://blog.ubuntu.com/2018/08/14/retro-style-games-on-linux
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Spiele
http://liflg.org/
http://freeciv.wikia.com/ - Freeciv: Free empire-building strategy game
http://play.freeciv.org/ - Freeciv HTML5 Online Version!
http://www.pro-linux.de/spiele/ - Overview games for linux

LTS
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/de/timeline/fc89433ff6b1de3cecae092ac2f40762.png

Firewall
sudo ufw app list
sudo ufw status

CLI
ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported

Ubuntu snap
http://www.panticz.de/snap

Fix DNS for local domain
# https://superuser.com/questions/704785/avahi-ping-cant-resolve-hostname-but-nslookup-can
# change default avahi domain to .xlocal
sudo sed -i 's|^#*domain-name=local|domain-name=.xlocal|g' /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf
sudo service avahi-daemon restart

Ubuntu release end of life
https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life

Ubuntu security notices
https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/

paste
https://paste.ubuntu.com/

Applications
ping - sudo apt install -y iputils-ping

cloud-init images
https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/
https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/minimal/daily/

CUPS

# enable printer
cupsenable printer

Suspend system from CLI

sleep 10m && systemctl suspend

Reinstall kernel

apt-get install --reinstall linux-image-$(uname -r)

Firmware update

sudo apt install -y fwupd
fwupdmgr get-devices
fwupdmgr update

ubuntu-support-status

ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported
ubuntu-support-status --show-supported

Instlal HWE Kernel

sudo apt install -y linux-generic-hwe-$(lsb_release -rs)

Dist-upgrade

# update to non LTS version
sed -i 's/Prompt=.*/Prompt=normal/g' /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
 
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt install -y update-manager-core
#LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8 sudo do-release-upgrade -d
sudo do-release-upgrade

ulauncher

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:agornostal/ulauncher
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install ulauncher
 
https://github.com/brpaz/ulauncher-file-search

Recovery

# reboot, prees ESC on grub menu, select "recovery mode", press e
rw init=/bin/bash

Restart gvfsd / hanging nautilus mounts

killall gvfsd

Screenshot area and copy to clipboard

sudo apt install -y gnome-screenshot
gnome-screenshot --area --clipboard

Get vulnerability overview

sudo apt install -y ubuntu-advantage-tools
sudo pro fix CVE-2022-40982

biosdevname in GRUB config
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panticz/scripts/master/disable_biosdevname.sh

# fix grub
sed -i 's|vt_handoff="1"|vt_handoff="0"|' /etc/grub.d/10_linux 
sed -i 's|GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"|GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 quiet splash"|g' /etc/default/grub
update-grub

Disable SSH server / service

sudo systemctl stop sshd.service sshd.socket
sudo systemctl disable sshd.socket
sudo systemctl disable sshd.service

WiFi hotspot

nmcli dev wifi hotspot
nmcli dev wifi show-password

Packages

dig: sudo apt-get install -y dnsutils
ping: sudo apt-get install -y iputils-ping